Nyegara Gunung Membangun Ketahanan Pulau Kecil (Small Island Resilience) dengan Pendekatan Nyegara Gunung
Bali as a small island depending on marine tourism will have a blueprint of its MPA Network. This Blueprint will be the key reference in establishing KKP(s) throughout Bali. It was one of the things discussed during an event held by the Agency of Marine and Fisheries of the Regency of Bali, titled “Lokakarya Jejaring KKP Bali” (literally can be translated as Workshop on Bali KKP Network, ed.) in Werdhapura Hotel, Sanur, on Tuesday (03rd of December, 2013).
According to the initial identification stated in Bali’s Spatial Planning, there are several areas to be prioritised and managed based on the potentials they have. For example, several villages in the Regency of Karangasem: Tulamben; Candidasa; Padangbai; and Bunutan in Amed. Several others in Buleleng Regency: Tembok; Sambirenteng; Penuktukan; Les; Tejakula; Pejarakan; Sumberkima; and Pemuteran. And then in the Regency of Badung: Kuta; Uluwatu; and Ungasan. While Sanur in the Municipality of Denpasar, along with the Perancak in the Regency of Jembrana and Nusa Penida in the Regency of Klungkung, are also included as priorities.
The Head of Marine and Fisheries of the Province of Bali, I Made Gunaja, mentioned that management of coastal and marine areas in Bali should be implemented based on the principle of “One Island, One Plan and One Management” and the local wisdom of “Nyegara Gunung.” “We need to establish a network of KKP(s) that comprise of coastal and marine areas, and also watersheds throughout Bali,” he explained.
Gunaja also mentioned that to date there are some existing initiatives similar to KKP such as Bali Barat National Park, Taman Hutan Rakyat (literally can be translated as Community Forest Park, ed.) Ngurah Rai and Daerah Perlindungan Laut (similar to the concept of Locally Managed Marine Areas, ed.) in the Regency of Buleleng.
The Governor of Bali had legislated the Governor’s Decree No. 1590/03-J/HK/2013 on the Establishment and Composition of Members of the Work Group on KKP Network in the Province of Bali. “The idea is to establish a network of KKP(s), end especially to finalize the blueprint of the Network so that it would be the key reference in management planning,” said Tiene Gunawan, Marine Program Director of Conservation International (CI) Indonesia.
Bali KKP Network is a collection of kawasan konservasi perairan, or KKP, in any scales and on any levels of protection. This Network is managed collectively and synergistically in order to achieve common objectives that cannot be achieved individually.
The Workshop of Bali KKP Network invited all the members of the Work Group on Bali KKP Network, that consist of elements of the government, universities, NGO(s), and other community elements. This one-day event begins with a presentation on the Blueprint’s draft by Iwan Dewantama of CI Indonesia. “We have been working on this document for the past two years,” admitted Iwan.
Within the Blueprint is explained that Bali must start to manage its aquatic areas due to the expanding, yet massive, pressures caused by the rapid development of tourism industry. Aquatic areas as tourism objects and key assets must be preserved so that they wouldn’t only be ‘healthy’ as a recreational place, but also as fishing ground for the fishermen. Iwan added that the Network of KKP(s) is expected to create a synergy between the central government, provincial government and the regency/municipality government in managing Bali’s aquatic resources.
Wen Wen from the Nature Conservancy explained about the regional management of KKP(s) within the Eco-region of Lesser Sunda. He said that some of the marine potentials in Bali are 9,368 ha of coral reefs (approximately 3.4% of the total in Lesser Sunda), 1,697 ha of mangroves (6.7%) and a 1,106 ha of seagrass (4.8%). “There should be a target for important habitats that should be protected,” he added.
The anxiety of the communities towards massive of tourism was stated by I Made Suarnatha, founder of Jaringan Ekowisata Desa (literally can be translated as Village Ecotourism Network, ed.). He mentioned that since the colonial era profits were enjoyed by few people only, and not the communities in Bali. “The communities are confused, why they weren’t involved,” Suarnatha said while reminding the importance for the communities to participate in managing the potentials in their area.
In the next session, participants were divided in to three groups to discuss the operational aspects and mechanisms in how to drive Bali KKP Network so that it would become an integrated part of Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Daerah Bali (literally can be translated as Planning on Development for the Medium-term Period of the Province of Bali, ed.) or the RPJMD Bali of the Year 2013-2018, and also Rencana Strategis Satuan Kerja Perangkat Daerah (literally can be translated as Strategic Planning on the Regional Task Unit, ed.) or the Rencana Strategis SKPD.
Abdul Manaf, Section Chief of Conservation from the Agency of Marine and Fisheries of the Regency of Buleleng, stated that regarding sustainable financing, the Province has an obligation for allocating the budget, because within the Governor’s Decree is clearly stated about this.
Management unit of KKP should be established together with the Work Group, so that when the Work Group complete their tasks, the management unit can continue from where they had left. “Coordination is indeed a tricky business. But, we have concrete works. For example, conducting a joint training between the Work Group and the Management Unit,” explained Abdul Manaf upon the institutional management of the KKP Network.
During the discussion, there was a suggestion to revise the Governor’s Decree regarding Bali KKP Network to expand the scope of stakeholders within the Work Group. Common suggestions emerging during the discussion were the accentuation on coordination, and how to synchronise the Network. Moreover, there were suggestions regarding the institutional aspects, capacity building of the human resources, and sustainable financing for Bali KKP Network.
The event closes when all the participants and speakers put their signatures on the Canvas of Mandate for Bali KKP Network. The Canvas would be displayed in the office of the Work Group, as a kind reminder and source of encouragement that will accompany all the Members throughout their efforts in establishing the Bali KKP Network.
